Among the common people of different diseases that are not life threatening, but deliver serious discomfort. Onychomycosis is representative of fungal diseases. It affects the nail plate, completely destroy them. Humid and warm environment ideal for their propagation. The symptoms of nail fungus are often hidden, and in the end, the disease is detected already in operation form.
The main mycoses
The nails are affected by different types of mycosis. The most common dermatophytes. Red Trichophyton affect the skin of the hands and feet. The main symptoms — patches of yellow or white, the color of the nails of the plates. Gradually the area of infection grows, change the color of all the nails, and he begins to move away from the bed. In severe cases, this leads to a fungus that affects the skin.
Trichophyton Mentagrophytes interdigital begins with area, then moves on. It appears yellow or white spot, which transformirovalsya in subungual hyperkeratosis. The disease usually affects only the thumbs or the fingers. The pathogen actively multiplies in warm time of the year.
Much less common Trichophyton purple. It is more common in the far East and in Central Asia. Affects the scalp and is more commonly known as ringworm. If it is not treated, the nails dark bumps.
Fungus under the toenails and is caused due to the yeast infection fungi. Pathogens — Candida white Candida parapsilosis. The disease usually appears in the background of already existing onychomycosis.
The main signs of yeast-like fungi:
- white spots on your nails, which eventually turns gray;
- inflammation of the cuticle;
- download purulent.
All these symptoms lead pain. Often yeast-like fungi become an occupational illness that develops in people, to have permanent contact with the water. In the absence of timely treatment of the nail plate thinning and moving away from the bed.
More rarely, mold. The first is similar to the symptoms of Candida and usually occur after injury to the thumb, and the second color of the nails, with black points.
Classification of fungal infections
Signs of nail fungus are varied. Depend on the form of the disease and its severity. Some doctors share the mycosis on the location and the depth of penetration:
- When the distal form is touched on the surface free edge, the plate color changes to brown or yellow. Finally, the area affected area grows, and the structure of the nail changed to rough, uneven.
- The side form is manifested in a similar way, only the affected side of the nail.
- When the proximal form the infection begins with the cuticle. Skin roller spreading white spot, and more. The surface becomes cloudy and loses its brightness, in severe cases, begins to crumble.
Some doctors prefer to classify the disease based on the degree of thickening of the nails. In normal trophic form, still does not change the size, but the visible focus of the disease. In hypertrophic is overgrowth of skin, which leads to the thickening of the nail and discomfort when walking. The form leads to a complete rejection of the nail plate.
The complexity of the treatment of nail fungus is that in the majority of cases the disease is detected at a very advanced stage, when atrophy. The first signs of infection — spots or stripes on the nail plates. Not to cause any trouble, that people don't pay attention to the problem in time.
Characteristic symptoms
To determine how the fungus from the nail, it is very simple: in the plate appear spots of color, can be deformed, to stratify and to move away from the bed. If the disease side bolsters are red and peel. Some forms are accompanied by a rash in the interdigital area.
Another characteristic symptom is burning and itching. Leather on the side bolsters thickens and begins to take off, after which irritation occurs. Scratching only intensifies it is an unpleasant feeling.
The first sign of nail fungus in the feet is not only to change the color of the plate, but the loss of its Lustre. Becomes cloudy, with the progression of the disease becomes of a gray color. When trying to cut actively sinks and breaks, with time, it becomes increasingly difficult to do. Often the process is accompanied by an unpleasant odor. In severe cases the entire nail plate is incorporated so that it is impossible to cut.
Pain are rare. Can appear due to the fact that the plate thickens and begins to RUB against the shoes — and brings discomfort. In some cases, the pressure on the affected area causes an ingrown nail on the side bolsters.
Due to the dispersion of the spores in the soft tissues disrupted nerve endings. Can cause paroxysmal pain, which occurs even in the moments of rest. In severe forms of the fungus in the affected area between the toes. Eruption in the form of small bubbles that covers the skin, and when they burst, their ulcers develop, the delivery of serious discomfort when walking.
Treatments
To confirm the diagnosis, be sure to conduct laboratory diagnosis. Only gives you the ability to accurately determine the causative agent and allows you to choose an effective treatment. Complex therapy includes products for outdoor and indoor use. Ointment applied to clean and dry the area.
The choice depends on the causative agent. The duration of the course is chosen individually, but in general has a duration of two months. Medical treatment must continue even after symptoms have disappeared.
Be sure to use preparations for oral administration. They are designed to destroy spores of the fungus. During the treatment, the patient needs to regularly see a doctor and be tested. This will determine the effectiveness of treatment.
In rare cases surgical removal of the affected nail. This method does not eliminate contamination, so that the new plate will also be affected by fungal infections. Pedicure — a more gentle technique that painlessly remove the stratum corneum. The cleaning is carried out once in two weeks to completely remove the affected layers.